Valerian root is a popular herbal supplement primarily used as a sleep aid and for managing sleep disturbances. Research evidence is conflicting, with some meta-analyses suggesting effectiveness for sleep problems while other systematic reviews conclude it is safe but not effective.

Evidence by Condition

Sleep/Insomnia Moderate

Evidence is inconsistent, ranging from meta-analyses supporting its use for sleep problems to reviews finding it lacks significant effectiveness.

Anxiety Insufficient

While studied in the context of anxiety disorders, the provided evidence does not establish definitive efficacy.

Effective Doses

Dose ranges are not explicitly provided in the provided study abstracts.

Key Findings

A systematic review concluded that valerian is safe but not effective as a sleep aid (PMID: 17517355).
Meta-analyses have investigated valerian's role in treating sleep problems and associated disorders (PMID: 33086877).
An umbrella review was conducted to evaluate the evidence for managing sleep disturbances (PMID: 38359657).

Limitations

The primary limitation is the significant discrepancy between studies, where some meta-analyses show benefits for insomnia while others find no clinical advantage over placebo.

Safety & Interactions

Some research identifies the supplement as safe, but specific drug interactions and contraindications are not detailed in the provided text.

AI-generated summary from 33 peer-reviewed studies. Not medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider.

Drug-Supplement Interactions

Antiarrhythmics 🔴 Critical

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C9, which decreases metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of amiodarone (antiarrhythmics), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of amiodarone. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Anticonvulsants 🔴 Critical

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of carbamazepine (anticonvulsants), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of carbamazepine. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

GI Prokinetics 🔴 Critical

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of cisapride (gi-prokinetics), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of cisapride. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Immunosuppressants 🔴 Critical

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of cyclosporine (immunosuppressants), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of cyclosporine. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Theophylline 🔴 Critical

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of theophylline (theophylline), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of theophylline. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Warfarin 🔴 Critical

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of warfarin (warfarin), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of warfarin. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

ADHD Medications 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP2D6, which decreases metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of atomoxetine (adhd-medications), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of atomoxetine. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

ARB 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C9, which decreases metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of losartan (arb), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of losartan. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Alcohol 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Ethanol, Ethanol

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Alimemazine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Alimemazine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Antibiotics 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of clarithromycin (antibiotics), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of clarithromycin. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Antidiabetic Drugs 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of repaglinide (antidiabetic-drugs), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of repaglinide. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Antiemetics 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP2D6, which decreases metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of ondansetron (antiemetics), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of ondansetron. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Antifungals 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of fluconazole (antifungals), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of fluconazole. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Antihistamines 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Promethazine, Promethazine, Promethazine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Antiplatelet Drugs 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C19, which decreases metabolism of CYP2C19 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of clopidogrel (antiplatelet-drugs), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of clopidogrel. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Antipsychotics 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of haloperidol (antipsychotics), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of haloperidol. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Antitussives 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP2D6, which decreases metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of dextromethorphan (antitussives), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of dextromethorphan. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Azatadine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Azatadine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Azelastine (nasal) 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Azelastine (nasal)

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Benzodiazepines 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of midazolam (benzodiazepines), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of midazolam. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Beta Blockers 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP2D6, which decreases metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of metoprolol (beta-blockers), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of metoprolol. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Beta-2 Agonists 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of salmeterol (beta2-agonists), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of salmeterol. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Brimonidine (ophthalmic) 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Brimonidine (ophthalmic)

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Brimonidine (topical) 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Brimonidine (topical)

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Brompheniramine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Brompheniramine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

CFTR Modulators 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of ivacaftor (cftr-modulators), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of ivacaftor. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Calcium Channel Blockers 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of nifedipine (calcium-channel-blockers), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of nifedipine. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Carbinoxamine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Carbinoxamine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Cetirizine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Cetirizine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Chemotherapy 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of doxorubicin (chemotherapy), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of doxorubicin. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Chlorphenesin 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Chlorphenesin

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Chlorpheniramine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Chlorpheniramine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Clemastine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Clemastine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Clofedanol 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Clofedanol

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Codeine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Codeine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Corticosteroids 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of prednisone (corticosteroids), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of prednisone. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Cyclizine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Cyclizine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Cyproheptadine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Cyproheptadine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Dexbrompheniramine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Dexbrompheniramine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Dextromethorphan 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Dextromethorphan

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Difenoxin 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Difenoxin

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Diphenhydramine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Diphenhydramine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Diphenoxylate 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Diphenoxylate

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Doxepin (topical) 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Doxepin (topical)

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Doxylamine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Doxylamine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Dronabinol 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Dronabinol

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Hydrocodone 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Hydrocodone

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Leukotriene Antagonists 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of montelukast (leukotriene-antagonists), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of montelukast. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Levocetirizine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Levocetirizine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Meclizine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Meclizine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Mepyramine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Mepyramine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Methdilazine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Methdilazine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Metoclopramide 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Metoclopramide

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Morphine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Morphine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Morphine (liposomal) 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Morphine (liposomal)

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

NSAIDs 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C9, which decreases metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of ibuprofen (nsaids), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of ibuprofen. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Nabilone 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Nabilone

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Olopatadine (nasal) 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Olopatadine (nasal)

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Opioids 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of methadone (opioids), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of methadone. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Opium 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Opium

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Oral Contraceptives 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of ethinylestradiol (oral-contraceptives), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of ethinylestradiol. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

PDE5 Inhibitors 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of sildenafil (pde5-inhibitors), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of sildenafil. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

PPIS 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of omeprazole (ppis), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of omeprazole. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Pentoxyverine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Pentoxyverine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Phenindamine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Phenindamine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

SNRI 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of venlafaxine (snri), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of venlafaxine. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Sedatives 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian has sedative properties that may add to CNS depressant effects.

Effect: Excessive sedation; impaired alertness

Management: Avoid combining with prescription sedatives without medical supervision.

Evidence: probable

Sibutramine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Sibutramine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Statins 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Valerian is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4, which decreases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates, potentially increasing their plasma concentrations and risk of adverse effects.

Effect: Increased plasma levels of simvastatin (statins), potentially leading to toxicity or enhanced adverse effects.

Management: Monitor for increased adverse effects of simvastatin. Dose reduction may be necessary. Consider alternative supplement or consult healthcare provider.

Evidence: cyp-inferred

Thiethylperazine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Thiethylperazine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Tricyclic Antidepressants 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Doxepin

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Trimethobenzamide 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Trimethobenzamide

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Tripelennamine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Tripelennamine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Triprolidine 🟡 Moderate

Mechanism: Interaction identified from DDInter 2.0 database. Specific drugs: Triprolidine

Effect: See mechanism description

Management: Consult healthcare provider before combining.

Evidence: ddinter-verified

Ssri 🟢 Minor

Mechanism: Valerian has weak serotonergic activity; theoretical risk of serotonin syndrome with SSRIs.

Effect: Possible additive serotonergic effect (rare)

Management: Generally safe at typical doses. Report any agitation or confusion.

Evidence: possible

⚠️ This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before combining supplements with medications.

Claims vs. Evidence

100% Evidence-Backed

0% Unsupported

75% Structure/Function

Claim Type	% of Products	Evidence Required	Status
All Other	99%	Tier D (Unclassified)	✅ Supported
Structure/Function	75%	Tier C (DSHEA Structure/Function (no pre-approval))	✅ Supported
Nutrient	2%	Tier D (Unknown)	✅ Supported
No Claim	1%	Tier D (No claim on label)	✅ Supported

🏛️ NIH ODS Factsheet

Valerian

Research by Topic

Valerian 22 studies

MET Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the...

SYS Effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in adult patients ...

MET Herbal medicine for insomnia: A systematic review and meta-a...

+19 more

Valerian Sleep 9 studies

MET Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Diso...

MET Valerian for sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis

MET Effectiveness of Valerian on insomnia: a meta-analysis of ra...

+6 more

Cochrane Additional Herbs 1 studies

SYS Valerian for anxiety disorders

Passionflower 1 studies

RCT Effects of Passiflora incarnata and Valeriana officinalis in...

⚠️ FDA Safety Data

Adverse Event Profile: Valerian

Research Evidence (33)

Systematic Review: 13 Rct: 10 Meta Analysis: 7 Regulatory Source: 1 Openfda Safety: 1

B Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit

Meta Analysis The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2015 n=1569

**Hu et al., 2015** | Cochrane Database Syst Rev | Meta Analysis Hu Rong-Fang, Jiang Xiao-Ying, ... Evans David J W. Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015-Oct-06;2015(10):CD...

PubMed DOI

B Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Meta Analysis Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine 2020 n=6894

Sleep problems are widely prevalent and associated with various comorbidities including anxiety. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is a popular herbal medicine used as a sleep aid, however the outcomes of previous clinical studies are inconsistent....

PubMed DOI

B Effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in adult patients undergoing dental procedures: a systematic review

Systematic Review BMJ open 2021 n=327

**Araújo et al., 2021** | BMJ Open | Systematic Review Araújo Jimmy de Oliveira, Bergamaschi Cristiane de Cássia, ... Motta Rogério Heládio Lopes. Effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in adult patients undergoing dental procedures: a systematic ...

PubMed DOI

B Valerian for anxiety disorders

Systematic Review The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2006 n=36

BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are very common mental health problems in the general population and in primary care settings. Herbal medicines are popular and used worldwide and might be considered as a treatment option for anxiety if shown to be effe...

PubMed Cochrane

B Herbal medicine for insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Meta Analysis Sleep medicine reviews 2015 n=1602

**Leach et al., 2015** | Sleep Med Rev | Meta Analysis Leach Matthew J, Page Amy T. Herbal medicine for insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2015-Dec;24:1-12. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2014.12.003 Insomnia is a prevalent sleep dis...

PubMed DOI

B Effects of Dietary Supplementation in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Systematic Review Nutrients 2024 n=482

**González-Parejo et al., 2024** | Nutrients | Systematic Review González-Parejo Pedro, Martín-Núñez Javier, ... Valenza Marie Carmen. Effects of Dietary Supplementation in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2024-Ju...

PubMed DOI

B Valerian for sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Meta Analysis The American journal of medicine 2006 n=1093

Insomnia affects approximately one-third of the adult population and contributes to increased rates of absenteeism, health care use, and social disability. Extracts of the roots of valerian (Valeriana officinalis) are widely used for inducing sleep a...

PubMed

B Herbal Remedies and Their Possible Effect on the GABAergic System and Sleep

Systematic Review Nutrients 2021

**Bruni et al., 2021** | Nutrients | Systematic Review Bruni Oliviero, Ferini-Strambi Luigi, ... Pellegrino Paolo. Herbal Remedies and Their Possible Effect on the GABAergic System and Sleep. Nutrients. 2021-Feb-06;13(2). doi:10.3390/nu13020530 Sleep...

PubMed DOI

B Herbal medicines in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A systematic review

Systematic Review Complementary therapies in medicine 2017 n=464

**Anheyer et al., 2017** | Complement Ther Med | Systematic Review Anheyer Dennis, Lauche Romy, ... Cramer Holger. Herbal medicines in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A systematic review. Complement Ther Med. 2017-Feb;3...

PubMed DOI

B Effectiveness of Valerian on insomnia: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials

Meta Analysis Sleep medicine 2010

BACKGROUND: Insomnia is an often seen primary health care problem. Valerian might be an alternative treatment with fewer secondary effects. The aim of this study is to evaluate its effectiveness on insomnia through a meta-analysis of published litera...

PubMed DOI

C Does valerian work for insomnia? An umbrella review of the evidence

Systematic Review European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2024

Valerian is one of the most used herbal agents (phytotherapeutics) to manage sleep disturbances, in particular, sleep-onset difficulties in young adults. However, the evidence based on primary studies and systematic reviews that supports its use in t...

PubMed DOI

C Effects of a Valerian-Hops Extract Combination (Ze 91019) on Sleep Duration and Daytime Cognitive and Psychological Parameters in Occasional Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial

Rct Brain and behavior 2025 n=40

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the feasibility of investigating the effect of a valerian and hops-based herbal medication (Ze 91019) on daytime cognitive performance, psychological parameters, and sleep measures in individuals with occasi...

PubMed DOI

C Relationship between concentrations of microbiological agents in the air of agricultural settings and occurrence of work-related symptoms in exposed persons

Meta Analysis Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM 2015

**Mackiewicz et al., 2015** | Ann Agric Environ Med | Meta Analysis Mackiewicz Barbara, Skórska Czesława, Dutkiewicz Jacek. Relationship between concentrations of microbiological agents in the air of agricultural settings and occurrence of work-relat...

PubMed DOI

C A systematic review of insomnia and complementary medicine

Systematic Review Sleep medicine reviews 2011 n=20

**Sarris et al., 2011** | Sleep Med Rev | Systematic Review Sarris Jerome, Byrne Gerard J. A systematic review of insomnia and complementary medicine. Sleep Med Rev. 2011-Apr;15(2):99-106. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2010.04.001 In concert with growing public...

PubMed DOI

C A systematic review of valerian as a sleep aid: safe but not effective

Systematic Review Sleep medicine reviews 2007

**Taibi et al., 2007** | Sleep Med Rev | Systematic Review Taibi Diana M, Landis Carol A, ... Vitiello Michael V. A systematic review of valerian as a sleep aid: safe but not effective. Sleep Med Rev. 2007-Jun;11(3):209-30 Valerian is an herb that is...

PubMed

C Valerian/lemon balm use for sleep disorders during menopause

Rct Complementary therapies in clinical practice 2013 n=50

UNLABELLED: The onset of Menopause in women is frequently associated with sleep disruption with hot flushes intensifying problems. Thus the use of supplementary drugs to ameliorate these symptoms is of significance. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this re...

PubMed DOI

C Efficacy and safety of non-benzodiazepine and non-Z-drug hypnotic medication for insomnia in older people: a systematic literature review

Systematic Review European journal of clinical pharmacology 2020 n=10

**Sys et al., 2020** | Eur J Clin Pharmacol | Systematic Review Sys Judith, Van Cleynenbreugel Simon, ... Tournoy Jos. Efficacy and safety of non-benzodiazepine and non-Z-drug hypnotic medication for insomnia in older people: a systematic literature ...

PubMed DOI

C Identifying complementary and alternative medicine recommendations for insomnia treatment and care: a systematic review and critical assessment of comprehensive clinical practice guidelines

Systematic Review Frontiers in public health 2023

**Zhao et al., 2023** | Front Public Health | Systematic Review Zhao Fei-Yi, Xu Peijie, ... Zheng Zhen. Identifying complementary and alternative medicine recommendations for insomnia treatment and care: a systematic review and critical assessment of...

PubMed DOI

C A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Decentralized Trial to Assess Sleep, Health Outcomes, and Overall Well-Being in Healthy Adults Reporting Disturbed Sleep, Taking a Melatonin-Free Supplement.

Rct Nutrients

Inadequate sleep is a global health concern. Sleep is multidimensional and complex; new multi-ingredient agents are needed. This study assessed the comparative effects of two multi-ingredient supplements on sleep relative to placebo. Adults (N = 620)...

PubMed DOI

C Standardized Extract of Valeriana officinalis Improves Overall Sleep Quality in Human Subjects with Sleep Complaints: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study

Rct Advances in therapy 2024 n=20

**Chandra et al., 2024** | Adv Ther | Rct Chandra Shekhar Harshith, Joshua Lincy, Thomas Jestin V. Standardized Extract of Valeriana officinalis Improves Overall Sleep Quality in Human Subjects with Sleep Complaints: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Place...

PubMed DOI

C [Insomnias. II. Pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment options]

Meta Analysis Der Nervenarzt 2009

**Riemann et al., 2009** | Nervenarzt | Meta Analysis Riemann Dieter, Hajak Göran. [Insomnias. II. Pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment options]. Nervenarzt. 2009-Nov;80(11):1327-40. doi:10.1007/s00115-009-2746-9 The administration of benz...

PubMed DOI

C Internet-based randomized controlled trials: a systematic review

Systematic Review Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2013

**Mathieu et al., 2013** | J Am Med Inform Assoc | Systematic Review Mathieu Erin, McGeechan Kevin, ... Herbert Robert. Internet-based randomized controlled trials: a systematic review. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2013-May-01;20(3):568-76. doi:10.1136/ami...

PubMed DOI

C A televised, web-based randomised trial of an herbal remedy (valerian) for insomnia

Rct PloS one 2007 n=405

BACKGROUND: This trial was conducted as part of a project that aims to enhance public understanding and use of research in decisions about healthcare by enabling viewers to participate in research and to follow the process, through television reports...

PubMed

C Effects of Passiflora incarnata and Valeriana officinalis in the control of anxiety due to tooth extraction: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Rct Oral and maxillofacial surgery 2024

**Velasquez et al., 2024** | Oral Maxillofac Surg | Rct Velasquez Amalia Celsy Abregu, Tsuji Mayumi, ... Scariot Rafaela. Effects of Passiflora incarnata and Valeriana officinalis in the control of anxiety due to tooth extraction: a randomized contro...

PubMed DOI

C Interaction: Valerian × Sedatives

Regulatory Source

**Severity**: MODERATE **Evidence**: probable Valerian has sedative properties that may add to CNS depressant effects. Excessive sedation; impaired alertness Avoid combining with prescription sedatives without medical supervision.

C [Studies on chemical constituents of Valeriana plants and their biological activities]

Systematic Review Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 2016

**Wang et al., 2016** | Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi | Systematic Review Wang Ru-Jing, Huang Qing, ... Zhang Hai. [Studies on chemical constituents of Valeriana plants and their biological activities]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2016-Apr;41(8):1405-1414...

PubMed DOI

C [Which alternative to benzodiazepines, Z-pills and other hypnotics for aged people ? Melatonin, valerian, or clomethiazole]

Systematic Review Revue medicale suisse 2018

**Dumur et al., 2018** | Rev Med Suisse | Systematic Review Dumur Jean, Csajka Chantal, ... Lang Pierre Olivier. [Which alternative to benzodiazepines, Z-pills and other hypnotics for aged people ? Melatonin, valerian, or clomethiazole]. Rev Med Suis...

PubMed

C Efficacy of Valerian Extract on Sleep Quality after Coronary Artery bypass Graft Surgery: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rct Chinese journal of integrative medicine

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of valerian root extract on the sleep quality of patients after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. METHODS: The patients who participated in this triple-blind clinical trial were selected by permuted block ra...

PubMed DOI

C Aqueous extract of valerian root (Valeriana officinalis L.) improves sleep quality in man

Rct Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior 1982 n=128

**Leathwood et al., 1982** | Pharmacol Biochem Behav | Rct Leathwood P D, Chauffard F, ... Munoz-Box R. Aqueous extract of valerian root (Valeriana officinalis L.) improves sleep quality in man. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1982-Jul;17(1):65-71 The effec...

PubMed

D Can valerian improve the sleep of insomniacs after benzodiazepine withdrawal?

Rct Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry 2002 n=19

**Poyares et al., 2002** | Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry | Rct Poyares Dalva R, Guilleminault Christian, ... Tufik Sergio. Can valerian improve the sleep of insomniacs after benzodiazepine withdrawal?. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psych...

PubMed

D Effect of valerian on human sleep

Rct Psychopharmacology 1985 n=10

**Balderer et al., 1985** | Psychopharmacology (Berl) | Rct Balderer G, Borbély A A. Effect of valerian on human sleep. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1985;87(4):406-9 The effect of an aqueous extract of valerian root on sleep was studied in two groups o...

PubMed

D Valerian

**Source:** [Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH](https://ods.od.nih.gov:443/factsheets/Valerian-HealthProfessional/) **Reading Level:** Health Professional This fact sheet from the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements provides evidence-based information...

D Adverse Event Profile: Valerian

Openfda Safety FDA CAERS

**Source**: FDA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) Adverse Event Reporting System **Total Events**: 6 **Serious Events**: 3 **Date Range**: 20130628 to 20190717 - **CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT**: 1

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Valerian Root and what is it used for?

Valerian root is a popular herbal supplement primarily used as a sleep aid and for managing sleep disturbances. While widely used, research evidence regarding its effectiveness is currently conflicting.

Does Valerian Root work for insomnia?

There is moderate evidence regarding Valerian's use for sleep problems, but results are inconsistent. Some meta-analyses suggest it may be effective, while other systematic reviews conclude it is safe but lacks significant effectiveness.

Can Valerian Root help with anxiety?

There is currently insufficient evidence to establish if Valerian root is effective for treating anxiety disorders. While it has been studied in this context, research does not yet provide a definitive conclusion on its efficacy.

What is the effective dose of Valerian Root?

Effective dose ranges are not explicitly provided in the available research abstracts. You should consult a healthcare professional to determine an appropriate dosage for your specific needs.

Is Valerian Root safe to take?

Some research identifies Valerian root as safe, though its effectiveness as a sleep aid is debated. Specific contraindications and upper limits are not detailed in the current evidence.

Are there any drug interactions with Valerian Root?

There is a moderate risk of interaction when taking Valerian with sedatives. Because Valerian has sedative properties, it may increase CNS depressant effects, potentially leading to excessive sedation or impaired alertness.

Who should avoid taking Valerian Root?

Individuals taking sedatives should be cautious due to the potential for increased sedation. You should consult a doctor before use to ensure it is safe for your specific health profile and medication regimen.

Answers generated from research evidence. Not medical advice.