Tyrosine
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Evidence Summary
Tyrosine is an amino acid and a precursor to dopamine, with research primarily investigating its impact on cognitive performance and mental health. Evidence suggests it may influence working memory and response inhibition, particularly in older adults or under specific physiological conditions.
Evidence by Condition
Acute administration of tyrosine has been shown to affect working memory gating and response inhibition in healthy and older adults.
Exploratory research has investigated tyrosine as part of a multi-amino acid blend to support mental health in office workers.
Effective Doses
Dose ranges were not explicitly stated in the provided research studies.
Key Findings
- L-tyrosine has a baseline-dependent effect on working memory gating (PMID: 32133585)
- Tyrosine intake is associated with measurable behavioral and cognitive effects in healthy human adults (PMID: 25797188)
- Acute tyrosine administration affects reactive and proactive response inhibition in healthy older adults (PMID: 30094335)
Limitations
Much of the available research focuses on acute administration or examines tyrosine as part of a multi-amino acid complex rather than in isolation.
Safety & Interactions
No specific contraindications or interactions for the amino acid supplement were provided in the source text.
AI-generated summary from 50 peer-reviewed studies. Not medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider.
Drug-Supplement Interactions
⚠️ This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before combining supplements with medications.
Claims vs. Evidence
| Claim Type | % of Products | Evidence Required | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| All Other | 98% | Tier D (Unclassified) | ✅ Supported |
| Structure/Function | 78% | Tier C (DSHEA Structure/Function (no pre-approval)) | ✅ Supported |
| Nutrient | 56% | Tier D (Unknown) | ✅ Supported |
| No Claim | 1% | Tier D (No claim on label) | ✅ Supported |
| Qualified Health | 0% | Tier B (FDA Qualified Health Claim) | ✅ Supported |
Research by Topic
Research Evidence (50)
The urgent need to reduce the cost of new drug discovery has led us to create a new, more selective screening method using free chemoinformatics tools to restrict the high failure rates of lead compounds (>90%) during the development process because ...
BACKGROUND: Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) reduce mortality and morbidity in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) but have an association with cardiotoxicities, including hypertension, atrial fibrillation (AF), ventricular arrhythmias (VA)...
BACKGROUND: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) play a vital role in neonatal nutrition. Optimal BCAA supplementation might improve neonatal nutrient storage, leading to better physical and neurological development and other outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To d...
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion represents one of pivotal driver genes within the realm of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ALK-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) have demonstrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy for patients afflicted ...
In recent years, with the discovery of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene and the successful development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), the treatment efficacy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR gene sensitive mu...
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catalyses the rate-limiting step in dopamine biosynthesis. Autosomal recessive tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency (THD) leads to clinical phenotypes reflecting the deficiency of dopamine, norepinephrine, or epinephrine in the c...
**Jongkees et al., 2020** | Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci | Rct Jongkees Bryant J. Baseline-dependent effect of dopamine's precursor L-tyrosine on working memory gating but not updating. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2020-Jun;20(3):521-535. doi:10.3758/s1...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of pre-exercise amino acid (AA) supplementation on post-exercise iron regulation. Ten healthy males participated under two different sets of conditions in a randomized, double-blind, crossover de...
**Salem et al., 2024** | Sports Med Open | Systematic Review Salem Atef, Ben Maaoui Khouloud, ... Chtourou Hamdi. Attenuating Muscle Damage Biomarkers and Muscle Soreness After an Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage with Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) S...
The green tea amino acid, L-theanine (L-THE) is associated with several health benefits, including improvements in mood, cognition and a reduction of stress and anxiety-like symptoms. This systematic review evaluated the effect of pure L-THE intake, ...
BACKGROUND: The importance of maintaining good mental health with overall well-being has recently drawn attention from various spheres of academics and the working population. Amino acid intake has been reported to reduce depression symptoms and othe...
BACKGROUND: Maintaining adequate hydration is critical to optimal health, well-being, and performance. Those who are physically active in stressful environments, such as warm and/or humid scenarios, may be at particular risk for dehydration with ensu...
INTRODUCTION: Short-term (4 weeks) supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has recently been shown to improve protein metabolism in a dose dependent way in normal weight patients...
**Hase et al., 2015** | Pharmacol Biochem Behav | Systematic Review Hase Adrian, Jung Sophie E, aan het Rot Marije. Behavioral and cognitive effects of tyrosine intake in healthy human adults. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2015-Jun;133:1-6. doi:10.1016/j....
**Bloemendaal et al., 2018** | eNeuro | Rct Bloemendaal Mirjam, Froböse Monja Isabel, ... Aarts Esther. Neuro-Cognitive Effects of Acute Tyrosine Administration on Reactive and Proactive Response Inhibition in Healthy Older Adults. eNeuro. 2018;5(2)....
Ingestion of L-theanine and L-tyrosine has been shown to reduce salivary stress biomarkers and improve aspects of cognitive performance in response to stress. However, there have been no studies to concurrently examine the impact of both L-theanine a...
**Lieberman et al., 2015** | Psychopharmacology (Berl) | Rct Lieberman Harris R, Thompson Lauren A, ... Caron Gregory R. The catecholamine neurotransmitter precursor tyrosine increases anger during exposure to severe psychological stress. Psychopharm...
PURPOSE: Validated biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) have recently been suggested as a useful tool to assess adherence to dietary guidelines or compliance in human dietary interventions. Although many new candidate biomarkers have emerged in the last ...
**NCT ID**: NCT04099108 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 50 **Completion**: 2022-12-31
**NCT ID**: NCT06167772 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 40 **Completion**: 2024-05-10
BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may interact with the dopaminergic system to affect cognitive flexibility. Objective/hypotheses: We examined whether putative reduction of dopamine levels throug...
BACKGROUND: The catecholaminergic precursor to dopamine, tyrosine, is an important modulator of cognitive performance. A number of studies have demonstrated that the beneficial effects of tyrosine on cognitive performance are most pronounced when ind...
BACKGROUND: Fatigue is a common and disabling side effect of targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The goal of the current study was to conduct a pilot randomized trial of the first...
Catecholamines have long been associated with cognitive control and value-based decision-making. More recently, we have shown that catecholamines also modulate value-based decision-making about whether or not to engage in cognitive control. Yet it is...
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The ability to adapt to new task demands flexibly and to stabilise performance in the presence of distractors is termed cognitive control and is mediated by dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission. We aimed to test...
Obesity is associated with alterations in dopaminergic transmission and cognitive function. Rodent studies suggest that diets rich in saturated fat and refined sugars (HFS), as opposed to diets diets low in saturated fat and refined sugars (LFS), cha...
BACKGROUND: Tolerance development is an important clinical outcome for infants with cow's milk allergy. OBJECTIVE: This multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical study (NTR3725) evaluated tolerance development to cow's m...
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training on cognitive function and amino acid metabolism in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: Twenty children with cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy group) were randomly d...
Amino acid neurotransmitters, including glutamate, phenylalanine, tyrosine, alanine, and glycine, underlie the majority of the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in the nervous system, and acute exercise has been shown to modulate their conc...
Supplementation with the catecholamine precursor L-Tyrosine might enhance cognitive performance, but overall findings are mixed. Here, we investigate the effect of a single dose of tyrosine (2g) vs. placebo on two catecholamine-dependent trans-diagno...
BACKGROUND: Masitinib is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets activated cells of the neuroimmune system (mast cells and microglia). Study AB09004 evaluated masitinib as an adjunct to cholinesterase inhibitor and/or memantine ...
The objective of the present study is to assess the rates of acquired tolerance to cow's milk (CM) after 36 months in subjects who consumed amino acid-based formula with synbiotics (AAF-S) or amino acid-based formula without synbiotics (AAF) during a...
BACKGROUND: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare inborn error of metabolism characterized by impaired catabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine (Phe) into tyrosine. Cross-sectional studies suggest slight alterations in cognitive performance and neural ac...
Metabolomics provides powerful tools that can inform about heterogeneity in disease and response to treatments. In this exploratory study, we employed an electrochemistry-based targeted metabolomics platform to assess the metabolic effects of three r...
Tyrosine has been proposed to potentially provide ergogenic benefits to cognitive and physical performance in physiologically demanding environments. However research into its effectiveness on cognitive and physical performance during exercise in the...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by cognitive decline and associated metabolic disturbances, including altered amino acid profiles. This study investigated the effects of probiotic supplementation with Lactobaci...
**NCT ID**: NCT02919670 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 114 **Completion**: 2020-07
**NCT ID**: NCT02944617 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 21 **Completion**: 2021-12-19
**NCT ID**: NCT03717935 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 27 **Completion**: 2022-01-14
**NCT ID**: NCT04491188 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 22 **Completion**: 2018-05-03
**NCT ID**: NCT04701463 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 20 **Completion**: 2020-11-25
**Neri et al., 1995** | Aviat Space Environ Med | Rct Neri D F, Wiegmann D, ... McKay D L. The effects of tyrosine on cognitive performance during extended wakefulness. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1995-Apr;66(4):313-9 Tyrosine, a large neutral amino aci...
**NCT ID**: NCT01412723 **Phase**: PHASE3 **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 64 **Completion**: 2012-04
**NCT ID**: NCT01425983 **Phase**: PHASE3 **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 80 **Completion**: 2012-06
**NCT ID**: NCT01705782 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 8 **Completion**: 2013-12
**NCT ID**: NCT01922167 **Phase**: NA **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 19 **Completion**: 2018-12-17
**NCT ID**: NCT02462746 **Phase**: PHASE1 **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 24 **Completion**: 2016-04
**NCT ID**: NCT02997137 **Phase**: PHASE3 **Status**: COMPLETED **Enrollment**: 74 **Completion**: 2016-02
**Dollins et al., 1995** | Physiol Behav | Rct Dollins A B, Krock L P, ... Lieberman H R. L-tyrosine ameliorates some effects of lower body negative pressure stress. Physiol Behav. 1995-Feb;57(2):223-30 Tyrosine, a large neutral amino acid normally p...
**Deijen et al., 1999** | Brain Res Bull | Rct Deijen J B, Wientjes C J, ... Langefeld J J. Tyrosine improves cognitive performance and reduces blood pressure in cadets after one week of a combat training course. Brain Res Bull. 1999-Jan-15;48(2):203...
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is Tyrosine and how does it work?
Tyrosine is an amino acid that serves as a precursor to dopamine in the brain. There is moderate evidence suggesting it may influence cognitive processes such as working memory and response inhibition.
Does Tyrosine help with memory and focus?
There is moderate evidence that acute doses of tyrosine can affect working memory gating and response inhibition, particularly in older adults. Its effects may also vary depending on specific physiological conditions.
Can Tyrosine help with mental health?
There is currently insufficient evidence to support the use of tyrosine for mental health. While some exploratory research has investigated amino acid blends for office workers, more robust studies are needed.
What is the effective dose of Tyrosine?
The provided research studies do not explicitly state a specific effective dose range for tyrosine. You should consult a healthcare professional to determine an appropriate dose for your needs.
Are there any drug interactions with Tyrosine?
There are currently no documented drug interactions for tyrosine in the available research. However, you should always discuss any new supplements with your doctor.
Is Tyrosine safe to take?
No specific safety concerns or contraindications were identified in the reviewed research. As with any supplement, it is important to consult a medical professional before use.
Who should avoid taking Tyrosine?
The provided research does not specify any particular groups that should avoid tyrosine. You should speak with a healthcare provider to ensure it is safe for your specific health profile.
Answers generated from research evidence. Not medical advice.