Biomarkers

5 biomarkers tracked with reference ranges and optimal ranges

Biomarker Category Unit Reference Range Optimal Range
CRP (hs-CRP) Inflammatory mg/L 0.0 – 3.0 0.0 – 1.0
ESR Inflammatory mm/hr 0.0 – 20.0 0.0 – 10.0
Homocysteine Inflammatory μmol/L 5.0 – 15.0 5.0 – 10.0
NT-proBNP Inflammatory pg/mL 0.0 – 125.0 0.0 – 50.0
hs-Troponin Inflammatory ng/L 0.0 – 14.0 0.0 – 5.0

Understanding Ranges

Reference range — the clinical "normal" range used by labs. Values outside this range are flagged as low or high.

Optimal range — a narrower band associated with better health outcomes in research. Values within reference but outside optimal are marked "suboptimal".

Always consult a healthcare provider for interpretation of your specific results.