Biomarkers

6 biomarkers tracked with reference ranges and optimal ranges

Biomarker Category Unit Reference Range Optimal Range
Free T3 Thyroid pg/mL 2.3 – 4.2 3.0 – 4.0
Free T4 Thyroid ng/dL 0.8 – 1.8 1.1 – 1.5
Reverse T3 Thyroid ng/dL 9.2 – 24.1 9.2 – 15.0
TSH Thyroid mIU/L 0.4 – 4.0 1.0 – 2.5
Total T3 Thyroid ng/dL 80.0 – 200.0 100.0 – 180.0
Total T4 Thyroid μg/dL 4.5 – 12.0 6.0 – 10.0

Understanding Ranges

Reference range — the clinical "normal" range used by labs. Values outside this range are flagged as low or high.

Optimal range — a narrower band associated with better health outcomes in research. Values within reference but outside optimal are marked "suboptimal".

Always consult a healthcare provider for interpretation of your specific results.