Effect of Magnesium Supplements on Improving Glucose Control, Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Maqrashi et al., 2025 | Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J | Meta Analysis

Citation

Maqrashi Nasiba Al, Busaidi Salim Al, ... Al-Maqbali Juhaina S. Effect of Magnesium Supplements on Improving Glucose Control, Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2025-May-02;25(1):382-394. doi:10.18295/2075-0528.2848

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of magnesium (Mg) supplementation on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus through a meta-analysis of 23 randomised controlled trials involving 1,345 participants. Mg supplementation significantly increased serum Mg levels (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.32 to 1.06) and reduced fasting blood glucose levels (WMD = -0.58, 95% CI: -0.87 to -0.28). However, the impact on glycated haemoglobin was minimal (WMD = -0.16, 95% CI: -0.32 to 0.00). Subgroup analysis showed a greater reduction in glycated haemoglobin among participants aged ≥65 years and those receiving longer durations of supplementation. Additionally, Mg supplementation was linked to lower diastolic blood pressure and potential improvements in lipid profile. This review highlights the importance of considering patient characteristics, dosage and intervention duration in future research on Mg supplementation for glycaemic control in diabetes.

Key Findings

This review highlights the importance of considering patient characteristics, dosage and intervention duration in future research on Mg supplementation for glycaemic control in diabetes.

Outcomes Measured

  • blood pressure
  • diastolic blood pressure

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size 1345
Age Range See abstract
Condition blood pressure

MeSH Terms

  • Aged
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Blood Glucose
  • Blood Pressure
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Glycemic Control
  • Lipids
  • Magnesium
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: magnesium-diabetes

Provenance


Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09