Global prevalence of hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus - a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

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Global prevalence of hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus - a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Pitliya et al., 2024 | Endocrine | Meta Analysis

Citation

Pitliya Aakanksha, Vasudevan Srivatsa Surya, ... Pitliya Anmol. Global prevalence of hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus - a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Endocrine. 2024-Jun;84(3):842-851. doi:10.1007/s12020-023-03670-7

Abstract

PURPOSE: Hypomagnesemia, characterized by low magnesium levels, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This meta-analysis aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of hypomagnesemia prevalence in individuals with T2DM as well as its potential implications for diabetes management and complications. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis using databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Research Gate to identify relevant studies between January 2008 and August 2023. We focused on observational studies related to serum magnesium levels and Type 2 Diabetes in individuals aged 19 and older. Newcastle Ottawa tool was used for quality assessment. A random effect meta-analysis was performed to calculate the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in T2DM. RESULTS: We identified a total of 671 studies, and after screening 383 abstracts and full texts by two independent reviewers, we identified 19 eligible studies encompassing 4192 patients diagnosed with T2DM. The mean age was 55.4 (SD, 4.39) years with a mean HbA1C level of 8.01. The pooled prevalence of hypomagnesemia in T2DM was 32% (95% CI: 22-36%) out of 4192 cases. On subgroup analysis, the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in male and female were 19.8% and 20.1%, respectively. Geographically, Asia had the highest prevalence of hypomagnesemia with 31.9% (95% CI: 24-41.1%). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis highlights a significant prevalence of hypomagnesemia in individuals with T2DM, emphasizing the need for further investigation due to the intricate nature of the association between serum magnesium levels and T2DM.

Key Findings

We identified a total of 671 studies, and after screening 383 abstracts and full texts by two independent reviewers, we identified 19 eligible studies encompassing 4192 patients diagnosed with T2DM. The mean age was 55.4 (SD, 4.39) years with a mean HbA1C level of 8.01. The pooled prevalence of hypomagnesemia in T2DM was 32% (95% CI: 22-36%) out of 4192 cases. On subgroup analysis, the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in male and female were 19.8% and 20.1%, respectively. Geographically, Asia had th

Outcomes Measured

  • serum magnesium levels

Population

Field Value
Population t2dm as well as
Sample Size 4192
Age Range See abstract
Condition diabetes

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  • Prevalence
  • Magnesium
  • Observational Studies as Topic
  • Magnesium Deficiency
  • Female
  • Male
  • Global Health
  • Middle Aged

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Systematic Review, Journal Article, Meta-Analysis
  • Vertical: magnesium

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09