Vitamin D and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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#databases-factual #dietary-supplements #humans #non-randomized-controlled-trials-as-topic #observational-studies-as-topic

Vitamin D and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Machado et al., 2020 | Nutrients | Meta Analysis

Citation

Machado Vanessa, Lobo Sofia, ... Botelho João. Vitamin D and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2020-Jul-22;12(8). doi:10.3390/nu12082177

Abstract

To explore the vitamin D levels of periodontitis patients in comparison with periodontally healthy ones, and to assess the influence of vitamin D supplementation as an adjunctive during nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). Five databases (Pubmed, Embase, Scholar, Web of Sciences, and Cochrane Library) were searched until May 2020. Mean difference (MD) meta-analysis with corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and sensitivity tests via meta-regression were used. We followed Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) to appraise the strength and quality of the evidence. Sixteen articles were included, fourteen case-control and two intervention studies, all reporting 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. Compared with the healthy controls, the circulating 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in chronic periodontitis patients (pooled MD = -6.80, 95% CI: -10.59 to -3.02). Subgroup analysis revealed differences among 25(OH)D measurements, with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry being the most homogeneous method (pooled MD = -2.05, 95% CI: -3.40 to -0.71). Salivary levels of 25(OH)D showed no differences between groups. Due to the low number of studies, conclusions on aggressive periodontitis and in the effect of vitamin D supplementation after NSPT were not possible to ascribe. Compared with healthy controls, 25(OH)D serum levels are significantly lower in chronic periodontitis patients, with an overall SORT A recommendation. Future studies are needed to clarify the effect of vitamin D supplementation and the biological mechanisms linking vitamin D to the periodontium.

Key Findings

Future studies are needed to clarify the effect of vitamin D supplementation and the biological mechanisms linking vitamin D to the periodontium.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Databases, Factual
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Humans
  • Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Observational Studies as Topic
  • Periodontitis
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin D Deficiency

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: vitamin-d

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09