Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#cardiovascular-diseases #diet-healthy #dietary-supplements #humans #randomized-controlled-trials-as-topic

Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment

Jenkins et al., 2018 | J Am Coll Cardiol | Meta Analysis

Citation

Jenkins David J A, Spence J David, ... Sievenpiper John L. Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018-Jun-05;71(22):2570-2584. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.020

Abstract

The authors identified individual randomized controlled trials from previous meta-analyses and additional searches, and then performed meta-analyses on cardiovascular disease outcomes and all-cause mortality. The authors assessed publications from 2012, both before and including the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force review. Their systematic reviews and meta-analyses showed generally moderate- or low-quality evidence for preventive benefits (folic acid for total cardiovascular disease, folic acid and B-vitamins for stroke), no effect (multivitamins, vitamins C, D, β-carotene, calcium, and selenium), or increased risk (antioxidant mixtures and niacin [with a statin] for all-cause mortality). Conclusive evidence for the benefit of any supplement across all dietary backgrounds (including deficiency and sufficiency) was not demonstrated; therefore, any benefits seen must be balanced against possible risks.

Key Findings

Conclusive evidence for the benefit of any supplement across all dietary backgrounds (including deficiency and sufficiency) was not demonstrated; therefore, any benefits seen must be balanced against possible risks.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition deficiency

MeSH Terms

  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Diet, Healthy
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Humans
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Trace Elements
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vitamins

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: folate

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09