Efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract on stress and weight management in adults: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Abstract

The relationship between excess body weight and stress significantly impacts overall health. The current study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract (ARE) in altering stress biomarkers and its role in weight management. In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 100 participants (age: 19-65 years) were randomized to receive either ARE 300 mg twice daily (n = 50) or an identical placebo (PL, n = 50) for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoints were changes in body weight and body mass index (BMI). Secondary endpoints included evaluation of stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS), quality of life (Short Form-12 Quality of Life Scale), subjective satisfaction (Subjective Satisfaction Scale, SSS), and food cravings (Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait, FCQ-T). Clinical safety was assessed based on treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and laboratory parameters, including complete blood count, renal function tests, liver function tests, lipid profile, thyroid function tests, and glycemic parameters (plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin). Efficacy was analyzed in 91 patients. ARE administration resulted in a significant reduction in body weight (-8.46 ± 3.86 kg; P < 0.0001) and BMI (-3.31 ± 1.57 kg/m2; P < 0.0001) compared to the PL (-2.41 ± 2.07 kg and -0.93 ± 0.79 kg/m2 for body weight and BMI, respectively). Compared with PL, ARE showed significant improvements (P < 0.05) in PSS, SF-12, SSS, and FCQ-T scores. A total of seven participants with ARE and six with PL reported mild adverse events (nausea, abdominal pain, and drowsiness), which were resolved without any intervention. Ashwagandha root extract may offer a safe and beneficial approach for stress reduction and weight management.