Molecular mechanisms of propolis in adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and white adipose tissue Browning: a systematic review of preclinical studies

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#propolis #adipogenesis #lipid-metabolism #animals #adipose-tissue-white

Molecular mechanisms of propolis in adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and white adipose tissue Browning: a systematic review of preclinical studies

Megantara et al., 2025 | Adipocyte | Systematic Review

Citation

Megantara Imam, Karisa Putri, ... Goenawan Hanna. Molecular mechanisms of propolis in adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and white adipose tissue Browning: a systematic review of preclinical studies. Adipocyte. 2025-Dec;14(1):2576894. doi:10.1080/21623945.2025.2576894

Abstract

White adipose tissue (WAT) browning has gained increasing attention as potential strategy for obesity management. The conversion of WAT into brown adipose tissue (BAT) enhances energy expenditure and improves metabolic health. Propolis, natural resinous substance produced by honeybees, contains bioactive compounds such as caffeic acid phenethylester, chrysin and quercetin, which are thought to regulate adipogenesis and promote WAT browning. This systematic review aimed to synthesize preclinical evidence on the molecular mechanisms by which propolis and its bioactive compounds regulate adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and the browning of white adipose tissue. We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, without time restrictions, using relevant keywords related to propolis and obesity. A total of 7 preclinical studies (animal and in vitro) met the inclusion criteria. These studies indicate that propolis and its bioactive compounds, modulate adipogenic transcription factors, reduce lipid accumulation and increase expression of browning markers in cellular and animal models. Studies in vivo demonstrate reductions in body weight, fat accumulation and adipocyte differentiation, accompanied by increased thermogenesis. Preclinical evidence suggests that propolis modulates adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and WAT browning; however, clinical trials assessing mechanistic endpoints are lacking and necessary before translational recommendations can be made.

Key Findings

Preclinical evidence suggests that propolis modulates adipogenesis, lipid metabolism and WAT browning; however, clinical trials assessing mechanistic endpoints are lacking and necessary before translational recommendations can be made.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Propolis
  • Adipogenesis
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Animals
  • Adipose Tissue, White
  • Adipose Tissue, Brown
  • Humans

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Systematic Review
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: quercetin

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09