Effect of low-sodium, potassium-rich salt based on the Chinese modified DASH diet on home blood pressure monitoring in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a clinical trial

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#humans #diabetes-mellitus-type-2 #female #hypertension #male

Effect of low-sodium, potassium-rich salt based on the Chinese modified DASH diet on home blood pressure monitoring in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a clinical trial

Zhao et al., 2025 | Nutr Hosp | Rct

Citation

Zhao Li, An Jiaxian, ... Mu Lihong. Effect of low-sodium, potassium-rich salt based on the Chinese modified DASH diet on home blood pressure monitoring in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a clinical trial. Nutr Hosp. 2025-Sep-04;42(4):761-771. doi:10.20960/nh.05681

Abstract

Objective: to investigate the impact and safety of Chinese Modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (CM-DASH) combined with sodium-restricted formula salts on home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Material and methods: employing a semi-open randomized, controlled, single-blind trial, patients were allocated into four groups-Group A (control), Group B (52 % salt), Group C (23 % salt), and Group D (meal packs)-for an eight-week dietary intervention. Throughout the intervention, patients self-measured their blood pressure daily and were followed up weekly. Additionally, 24-hour urine was performed at baseline, week 4, and the end of the intervention. Results: of the 132 initial participants, only two were lost to follow-up. Following an 8-week intervention, blood pressure exhibited a downward trend across all four subject groups (p < 0.05). Both HSBP and HDBP exhibited a more pronounced decrease in group B compared to group A. HSBP decreased the most in group D (-13.06, 95 % CI: -18.84 to 7.64, p < 0.001). The 24-hour urinary Na/K ratios significantly dropped in low-sodium salt participants (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the differences between the groups were not statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported throughout the trial. Conclusions: this study's preliminary findings indicate that the CM-DASH dietary pattern combined with 23 % and 52 % sodium-limited formula salts has a beneficial effect on home blood pressure in hypertensive and type 2 diabetes patients. Additionally, it improves patients' urinary sodium and potassium levels and demonstrates safety. However, more studies are needed for validation.

Key Findings

of the 132 initial participants, only two were lost to follow-up. Following an 8-week intervention, blood pressure exhibited a downward trend across all four subject groups (p < 0.05). Both HSBP and HDBP exhibited a more pronounced decrease in group B compared to group A. HSBP decreased the most in group D (-13.06, 95 % CI: -18.84 to 7.64, p < 0.001). The 24-hour urinary Na/K ratios significantly dropped in low-sodium salt participants (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the differences between the group

Outcomes Measured

  • blood pressure

Population

Field Value
Population hypertension and type 2
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition hypertension

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  • Female
  • Hypertension
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
  • Single-Blind Method
  • Diet, Sodium-Restricted
  • Aged
  • Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension
  • Adult
  • Blood Pressure
  • Sodium Chloride, Dietary
  • Potassium, Dietary
  • China
  • Potassium
  • East Asian People

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Rct
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Vertical: potassium-blood-pressure

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09