Magnesium and Potassium Supplementation for Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction in the General Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Subgroup Meta-Analysis for Optimal Dosage and Treatment Length

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#humans #blood-pressure #dietary-supplements #dose-response-relationship-drug #hypertension

Magnesium and Potassium Supplementation for Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction in the General Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Subgroup Meta-Analysis for Optimal Dosage and Treatment Length

Behers et al., 2024 | Nutrients | Meta Analysis

Citation

Behers Benjamin J, Behers Brett M, ... Sweeney Michael J. Magnesium and Potassium Supplementation for Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction in the General Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Subgroup Meta-Analysis for Optimal Dosage and Treatment Length. Nutrients. 2024-Oct-24;16(21). doi:10.3390/nu16213617

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Studies have shown that consistent reductions of 2 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (SBP) for the general normotensive population can result in significant decreases in mortality from heart disease and stroke. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the optimal dose and duration of treatment for magnesium and potassium supplementation, having previously discovered that both reduce SBP by -2.79 and -2.10 mm Hg, respectively. METHODS: Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials examining the effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on SBP were identified. Pairwise meta-analyses with subgroups for dosage and treatment duration were run. RESULTS: Magnesium at dosages of ≤360 mg/day and durations greater than 3 months reduced SBP by -3.03 and -4.31 mm Hg, respectively. Potassium at dosages of ≤60 mmol/day and durations greater than 1 month reduced SBP by -2.34 and -2.80 mm Hg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both supplements demonstrated greater reductions in SBP for the general population at lower dosages and longer treatment durations. Future studies are needed to validate these findings and provide tailored recommendations. These studies could investigate varying dosages over long-term follow-up to provide robust data on optimal dosages and treatment durations, as our findings were limited due to reliance on previously published trials.

Key Findings

Magnesium at dosages of ≤360 mg/day and durations greater than 3 months reduced SBP by -3.03 and -4.31 mm Hg, respectively. Potassium at dosages of ≤60 mmol/day and durations greater than 1 month reduced SBP by -2.34 and -2.80 mm Hg, respectively.

Outcomes Measured

  • blood pressure
  • systolic blood pressure

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition blood pressure

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Blood Pressure
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Hypertension
  • Magnesium
  • Potassium
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: potassium-blood-pressure

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09