Groundwater Cr(VI) contamination and remediation: A review from 1999 to 2022

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#groundwater #chromium #water-pollutants-chemical #environmental-restoration-and-remediation #environmental-monitoring

Groundwater Cr(VI) contamination and remediation: A review from 1999 to 2022

Xu et al., 2024 | Chemosphere | Systematic Review

Citation

Xu Huichao, Zhang Hui, ... Zhao Yongsheng. Groundwater Cr(VI) contamination and remediation: A review from 1999 to 2022. Chemosphere. 2024-Jul;360:142395. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142395

Abstract

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contamination of groundwater has traditionally been an environmental issue of great concern due to its bioaccumulative and highly toxic nature. This paper presents a review and bibliometric analysis of the literature on the interest area "Cr(VI) in groundwater" published in the Web of Science Core Collection from 1999 to 2022. First, information on 203 actual Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater sites around the world was summarized, and the basic characteristics of the sources and concentrations of contamination were derived. 68.95% of the sites were due to human causes and 56.43% of these sites had Cr(VI) concentrations in the range of 0-10 mg/L. At groundwater sites with high Cr(VI) contamination due to natural causes, 75.00% of the sites had Cr(VI) concentrations less than 0.2 mg/L. A total of 936 papers on "Cr(VI) in groundwater" were retrieved for bibliometric analysis: interest in research on Cr(VI) in groundwater has grown rapidly in recent years; 59.4% of the papers were published in the field of environmental sciences. A systematic review of the progress of studies on the Cr(VI) removal/remediation based on reduction, adsorption and biological processes is presented. Out of 666 papers on Cr(VI) removal/remediation, 512, 274, and 75 papers dealt with the topics of reduction, adsorption, and bioremediation, respectively. In addition, several studies have demonstrated the potential applicability of natural attenuation in the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater. This paper will help researchers to understand and investigate methodological strategies to remove Cr(VI) from groundwater in a more targeted and effective manner.

Key Findings

This paper will help researchers to understand and investigate methodological strategies to remove Cr(VI) from groundwater in a more targeted and effective manner.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Groundwater
  • Chromium
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Environmental Restoration and Remediation
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Biodegradation, Environmental
  • Adsorption

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Systematic Review
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: chromium

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09