From A to E: Uniting vitamins against stroke risk-A systematic review and network meta-analysis

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#humans #vitamins #stroke #vitamin-b-complex #folic-acid

From A to E: Uniting vitamins against stroke risk-A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Tripathi et al., 2024 | Eur J Clin Invest | Systematic Review

Citation

Tripathi Shashank, Nath Manabesh, ... Kumar Pradeep. From A to E: Uniting vitamins against stroke risk-A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest. 2024-Jun;54(6):e14165. doi:10.1111/eci.14165

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Stroke represents a significant public health challenge, necessitating the exploration of preventive measures. This network meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of different vitamin treatments compared to a placebo in preventing stroke. METHODS: A systematic electronic search in databases including PubMed, EmBASE, Web of Science, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar until 31 May 2023 was conducted, to identify published studies investigating the association between vitamin intake and the risk of stroke. Pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated using a frequentist network meta-analysis. Furthermore, we ranked vitamins based on p-scores, facilitating a comparative assessment of their effectiveness in preventing stroke. RESULTS: A total of 56 studies, including 17 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 39 cohort studies were analyzed. Direct estimates obtained from network meta-analysis, we found that vitamin A (RR: .81 [.72-.91]), vitamin B-complex (RR: .85 [.74-.97]), vitamin B6 (RR: 79 [.68-.92]), folate (RR: .86 [.75-.97]), vitamin C (RR: .77 [.70-.85]) and vitamin D (RR: .73 [.64-.83]) were significantly associated with a decreased stroke risk. However, no significant association was observed for vitamin B2, vitamin B12, and vitamin E. Subsequent to network meta-analysis, vitamins were ranked in decreasing order of their efficacy in stroke prevention based on p-score, with vitamin D (p-score = .91), vitamin C (p-score = .79), vitamin B6 (p-score = .70), vitamin A (p-score = .65), vitamin B-complex (p-score = .53), folate (p-score = .49), vitamin B2 (p-score = .39), vitamin E (p-score = .28), vitamin B12 (.13) and placebo (.10). CONCLUSION: Our study has established noteworthy connections between vitamin A, vitamin B-complex, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin C, and vitamin D in the realm of stroke prevention. These findings add substantial weight to the accumulating evidence supporting the potential advantages of vitamin interventions in mitigating the risk of stroke. However, to solidify and validate these observations, additional research is imperative. Well-designed clinical trials or cohort studies are needed to further explore these associations and formulate clear guidelines for incorporating vitamin supplementation into effective stroke prevention strategies.

Key Findings

A total of 56 studies, including 17 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 39 cohort studies were analyzed. Direct estimates obtained from network meta-analysis, we found that vitamin A (RR: .81 [.72-.91]), vitamin B-complex (RR: .85 [.74-.97]), vitamin B6 (RR: 79 [.68-.92]), folate (RR: .86 [.75-.97]), vitamin C (RR: .77 [.70-.85]) and vitamin D (RR: .73 [.64-.83]) were significantly associated with a decreased stroke risk. However, no significant association was observed for vitamin B2, vitam

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size 56
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Vitamins
  • Stroke
  • Vitamin B Complex
  • Folic Acid
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin E
  • Ascorbic Acid
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin B 6
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Dietary Supplements

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Systematic Review
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Systematic Review, Network Meta-Analysis
  • Vertical: vitamin-a

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09