Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of ginger and its bioactive components on inflammatory response, oxidative stress, the immune system, and organ failure in sepsis: a comprehensive systematic review

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#zingiber-officinale #humans #sepsis #oxidative-stress #plant-extracts

Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of ginger and its bioactive components on inflammatory response, oxidative stress, the immune system, and organ failure in sepsis: a comprehensive systematic review

Velayati et al., 2024 | Nutr Rev | Systematic Review

Citation

Velayati Aynaz, Vafa Mohamad Reza, ... Darabi Zahra. Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of ginger and its bioactive components on inflammatory response, oxidative stress, the immune system, and organ failure in sepsis: a comprehensive systematic review. Nutr Rev. 2024-Dec-01;82(12):1800-1819. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuad156

Abstract

CONTEXT: Sepsis refers to a usually lethal medical condition that results from an extreme, uncontrolled, and multifaceted immune system response to infection. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe; Zingiberaceae) is 1 of the most popular spice. It is widely used as a traditional herb and as medicine in the treatment of some inflammatory conditions, such as vomiting, pain, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, because of its varied medical characteristics, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor effects. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the potential roles of ginger and its elements in sepsis. DATA SOURCES: This systematic review article was conducted and reported by following the guideline of the Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). Electronic databases, including Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest, were searched using related key words up to January 2023. DATA EXTRACTION: Among 141 found articles, 48 eligible articles were included and reviewed for their details. Data were extracted, including the first author's name, year of publication, name of origin country, study design, number and type of subject, dosage and type of intervention, study duration, assay, and main results. DATA ANALYSIS: The data from the included articles showed that ginger and its bioactive elements, such as gingerol (1-300 µg/mL or 1-100 mg/kg for 24 hours to 14 days), shogaol (0.2-100 µg/mL or 10-40 mg/kg body weight for 24 hours to 8 days), gingerdione (1-100 µg/mL for 20-48 hours), and zingerone (2-20 µM for 4 hours to 8 days), can be effective in sepsis via suppressing the gene expression and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidant agents, downregulating immune response, and protecting against sepsis-induced organ failures in experimental and animal models. CONCLUSION: Ginger has potential therapeutic effects in sepsis. Human clinical trials are recommended. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023373613.

Key Findings

Ginger has potential therapeutic effects in sepsis. Human clinical trials are recommended. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023373613.

Outcomes Measured

  • inflammatory markers

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition diabetes

MeSH Terms

  • Zingiber officinale
  • Humans
  • Sepsis
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Plant Extracts
  • Inflammation
  • Multiple Organ Failure
  • Animals
  • Immune System
  • Antioxidants
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Phytotherapy
  • Catechols

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Systematic Review
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: ginger

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09