Pathogenesis of myopic choroidal neovascularization: A systematic review and meta-analysis

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#humans #retrospective-studies #choroid-diseases #visual-acuity #myopia-degenerative

Pathogenesis of myopic choroidal neovascularization: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhang et al., 2023 | Surv Ophthalmol | Meta Analysis

Citation

Zhang Xiu Juan, Chen Xiu Nian, ... Yam Jason C. Pathogenesis of myopic choroidal neovascularization: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surv Ophthalmol. 2023;68(6):1011-1026. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2023.07.006

Abstract

Myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a vision-threatening complication of high myopia. Here, we systematically review cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, and summarize the associated factors of myopic CNV using meta-analysis where applicable. Among 1,333 records assessed, 50 were found eligible, all having a low-to-moderate risk of bias. Highly myopic eyes with CNV had a higher risk of lacquer cracks (odds ratio = 2.88) and patchy chorioretinal atrophy (odds ratio = 3.43) than those without. The mean posterior staphyloma height (µm) was greater in myopic CNV eyes than in highly myopic eyes without CNV (mean difference = 82.03). The thinning of choroidal thickness (µm) between myopic eyes with and without CNV differed significantly (mean difference = -47.76). The level of vascular endothelial growth factor (pg/ml) in the aqueous humor of myopic CNV eyes was significantly higher than in highly myopic eyes without CNV (mean difference = 24.98), the same as interleukin-8 (IL-8) (pg/ml, mean difference = 7.73). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the vascular endothelial growth factor, complement factor I, and collagen type VIII alpha 1 genes were associated with myopic CNV. We found that myopic CNV eyes have a higher ratio of lacquer cracks and patchy chorioretinal atrophy, thinner choroid, greater posterior staphyloma height, and a higher level of vascular endothelial growth factor and IL-8 in aqueous. Structural predisposing lesions, hemodynamic, genetic, and systemic factors are also associated with myopic CNV.

Key Findings

Structural predisposing lesions, hemodynamic, genetic, and systemic factors are also associated with myopic CNV.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Choroid Diseases
  • Visual Acuity
  • Myopia, Degenerative
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Fluorescein Angiography
  • Atrophy
  • Myopia
  • Choroidal Neovascularization
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Interleukin-8

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review, Journal Article
  • Vertical: collagen

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09