Association between calcium intake and risk of breast cancer: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#humans #female #breast-neoplasms #calcium #calcium-dietary

Association between calcium intake and risk of breast cancer: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies

Ghoreishy et al., 2023 | Clin Nutr ESPEN | Meta Analysis

Citation

Ghoreishy Seyed Mojtaba, Bagheri Amir, ... Esmaillzadeh Ahmad. Association between calcium intake and risk of breast cancer: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023-Jun;55:251-259. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.03.026

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prospective cohort studies that dietary or total calcium intake was considered as the exposure variable and risk of BC as the main or second outcome were included in this systematic review. METHODS: We searched the online databases of PubMed, Web of science, Scopus and, Google scholar for relevant studies published up to November 2021, using relevant keywords. Seven cohort studies including 1,579,904 participants, were eligible for the current meta-analysis. RESULTS: Pooled effect size for the highest versus lowest category indicated that increasing dietary calcium intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of BC (RR, 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81-1.00). However, total calcium intake revealed a non-significant inverse association (RR, 0.97; 95%CI, 0.91-1.03). Dose-response meta-analysis showed that every additional 350 mg per day dietary (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99) and total calcium intake (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-1.00) was significantly associated with a lower risk of BC. Also, a significant decreasing trend for the risk of BC was observed after 500 mg/d of dietary calcium intake (P-nonlinearity = 0.05, n = 6. CONCLUSION: Finally, our dose-response meta-analysis revealed a 6 and 1% lower risk of BC in each 350 mg per day increment in dietary and total calcium intake, respectively.

Key Findings

Pooled effect size for the highest versus lowest category indicated that increasing dietary calcium intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of BC (RR, 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81-1.00). However, total calcium intake revealed a non-significant inverse association (RR, 0.97; 95%CI, 0.91-1.03). Dose-response meta-analysis showed that every additional 350 mg per day dietary (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99) and total calcium intake (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-1.00) was significantly associated with a

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size 6
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Female
  • Breast Neoplasms
  • Calcium
  • Calcium, Dietary
  • Prospective Studies
  • Cohort Studies

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Vertical: calcium

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09