Vitamin D and Sjögren's Disease: Revealing the Connections-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#humans #sjogren's-syndrome #cohort-studies #cross-sectional-studies #vitamin-d

Vitamin D and Sjögren's Disease: Revealing the Connections-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Radić et al., 2023 | Nutrients | Meta Analysis

Citation

Radić Mislav, Kolak Ela, ... Radić Josipa. Vitamin D and Sjögren's Disease: Revealing the Connections-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2023-Jan-18;15(3). doi:10.3390/nu15030497

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present review was to summarize the current evidence about the impact of vitamin D deficiency on pathology and clinical manifestations of Sjögren's disease (SD). METHODS: Databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane library were searched for studies assessing the levels of vitamin D in SD patients using the following keywords: (vitamin D OR calciferol OR cholecalciferol OR 25-hydroxyvitamin D OR 25-hydroxycholecalciferol OR calcidiol OR calcitriol OR 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) AND (Sjögren's Syndrome OR Sjögren's disease) accessed on 20 September 2022. Out of 248 retrieved studies, following the systematic review methodology and defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 clinical studies were eligible to be included in the present review: 4 of them case-control, 4 cross-sectional, and 1 cohort study. RESULTS: Nine studies totaling 670 SD patients and 857 healthy controls were eligible for meta-analysis with moderate to high methodological quality as determined by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale (NOS). According to the obtained results, a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was observed in SD patients when compared to healthy controls (95% CI -10.43, -2.39; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Available evidence points to lower levels of vitamin D in patients with SD in comparison to healthy controls. However, further studies are necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms associated with the role of vitamin D in the development and disease severity of SD.

Key Findings

Nine studies totaling 670 SD patients and 857 healthy controls were eligible for meta-analysis with moderate to high methodological quality as determined by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale (NOS). According to the obtained results, a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was observed in SD patients when compared to healthy controls (95% CI -10.43, -2.39; p < 0.01).

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population sd in comparison to
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition deficiency

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Sjogren's Syndrome
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamins
  • Calcifediol
  • Vitamin D Deficiency

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review, Journal Article
  • Vertical: vitamin-d

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09