Vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#adolescent #cardiometabolic-risk-factors #cardiovascular-diseases #cholesterol-ldl #glycated-hemoglobin

Vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis

Daniel et al., 2022 | Rev Endocr Metab Disord | Meta Analysis

Citation

Daniel Jonas Baltazar, de Farias Costa Priscila Ribas, ... Oliveira Ana Marlucia. Vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2022-Oct;23(5):995-1010. doi:10.1007/s11154-022-09736-7

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in the occurrence of cardiometabolic events, but the evidence of this relationship in adolescence is still limited. Thus, we analyzed the association between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. Observational studies were searching in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Lilacs, and Google Scholar database. Random effects models were used to summarize standardized mean differences for as a summary measure. The certainty of the evidence was verified using the Cochrane recommendations. A total of 7537 studies were identified, of which 32 were included in the systematic review and 24 in the meta-analysis.Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased systolic pressure (SMD = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.10; 0.34), diastolic pressure (SMD = 0.23; 95%CI = 0.10; 0.35), glycemia (SMD = 0.13; 95%CI = 0.05; 0.12), and insulin (SMD = 0.50; 95%CI = 0.15; 0.84), an increase in the HOMA index (SMD = 0.48; 95%CI = 0.36; 0.60), high triglyceride values (SMD = 0.30; 95%CI = 0.11; 0.49), and reduced HDL concentrations (SMD= -0.25; 95%CI = -0.46; -0.04). No statistically significant association was observed for glycated hemoglobin, LDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol. Most of the studies presented low and moderate risks of bias, respectively. The certainty of the evidence was very low for all the outcomes analyzed. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased exposure to the factors linked to the occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases in adolescents. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO (record number 42,018,086,298).

Key Findings

Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO (record number 42,018,086,298).

Outcomes Measured

  • systolic blood pressure
  • diastolic blood pressure

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size 7537
Age Range See abstract
Condition deficiency

MeSH Terms

  • Adolescent
  • Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Humans
  • Insulin
  • Risk Factors
  • Triglycerides
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin D Deficiency

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: vitamin-d

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09