Association between vitamin D supplementation and cancer incidence and mortality: A trial sequential meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#humans #dietary-supplements #incidence #neoplasms #randomized-controlled-trials-as-topic

Association between vitamin D supplementation and cancer incidence and mortality: A trial sequential meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Guo et al., 2023 | Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr | Meta Analysis

Citation

Guo Zhangyou, Huang Ming, ... Duan Shigang. Association between vitamin D supplementation and cancer incidence and mortality: A trial sequential meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(26):8428-8442. doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2056574

Abstract

Observational studies and clinical trials have evaluated the associations between vitamin D supplementation and cancer incidence/mortality and obtained mixed results. Previous meta-analyses have also yielded inconsistent conclusions. In this paper, we conduct an updated meta-analysis by including current randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to assess the association between vitamin D supplementation and cancer incidence and mortality. The PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases were systematically searched from their inception to 6 February 2022. Fixed-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Trial sequential analyses were performed using a risk ratio reduction threshold of 10% for cancer incidence and mortality. Twenty-six RCTs were eligible, and pooled results indicated that vitamin D supplementation, compared to placebo with/without calcium, was not associated with a reduction in total cancer incidence (risk ratio: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.02; I2 = 0%). In contrast, vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced total cancer mortality (risk ratio: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.8, 0.96; I2 = 0%). Moreover, trial sequential analysis provided reliable evidence that supplementation with vitamin D lowered the relative risk of total cancer mortality by 10%. Our updated meta-analysis suggested that vitamin D supplementation did not reduce total cancer incidence but significantly lowered total cancer mortality.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2056574 .

Key Findings

Our updated meta-analysis suggested that vitamin D supplementation did not reduce total cancer incidence but significantly lowered total cancer mortality.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2056574 .

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Incidence
  • Neoplasms
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Vitamin D

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, Journal Article
  • Vertical: vitamin-d-mortality

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09