Kidney Complications of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#acute-kidney-injury #adult #aged #aged-80-and-over #covid-19

Kidney Complications of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nasiri et al., 2021 | J Res Health Sci | Meta Analysis

Citation

Nasiri Naser, Rahmati Shoboo, ... Sharifi Ali. Kidney Complications of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Res Health Sci. 2021-Jan-12;21(1):e00503. doi:10.34172/jrhs.2021.39

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Some patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported to have developed mild to severe kidney injuries. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to estimate the prevalence and incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among COVID-19 patients. STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis . METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and MedRxiv databases were searched from December 1, 2019, up to July 27, 2020. Two independent co-authors completed the screening process, data extraction, and quality assessment of the retrieved records. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to determine the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) of AKI among COVID-19 patients. RESULTS: Out of 2,332 unique identified records, 51 studies were included in the review. Overall, the studies were carried out on 25,600 patients. A total of 6,505 patients (in 18 cross-sectional studies) were included to estimate the pooled prevalence of AKI, and 18,934 patients (in 27 cohort studies) were included to determine the pooled incidence of AKI. The pooled prevalence of AKI was estimated as 10.08% (95% CI: 4.59, 17.32; I2=98.56%; P<0.001). Furthermore, the pooled incidence of AKI was 12.78% (95% CI: 7.38, 19.36; I2=99.27%; P<0.001). The mean (95% CI) values of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), potassium, and sodium were 76.10 (69.36, 82.84), 4.60 (4.04, 5.30), 3.94 (3.78, 4.11), and 139.30 (138.26, 140.36) mmol/L, respectively. CONCLUSION: The AKI is a considerable complication among COVID-19 patients and should be screened for on clinical examinations. The BUN, SCr, potassium, and sodium levels were within the normal ranges.

Key Findings

Out of 2,332 unique identified records, 51 studies were included in the review. Overall, the studies were carried out on 25,600 patients. A total of 6,505 patients (in 18 cross-sectional studies) were included to estimate the pooled prevalence of AKI, and 18,934 patients (in 27 cohort studies) were included to determine the pooled incidence of AKI. The pooled prevalence of AKI was estimated as 10.08% (95% CI: 4.59, 17.32; I2=98.56%; P<0.001). Furthermore, the pooled incidence of AKI was 12.78% (

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population coronavirus disease 2019
Sample Size 19
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • COVID-19
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • SARS-CoV-2

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: potassium

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09