Direct oral anticoagulant- vs vitamin K antagonist-related nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#administration-oral #aged #anticoagulants #atrial-fibrillation #brain

Direct oral anticoagulant- vs vitamin K antagonist-related nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage

Tsivgoulis et al., 2017 | Neurology | Meta Analysis

Citation

Tsivgoulis Georgios, Lioutas Vasileios-Arsenios, ... Alexandrov Andrei V. Direct oral anticoagulant- vs vitamin K antagonist-related nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology. 2017-Sep-12;89(11):1142-1151. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004362

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare the neuroimaging profile and clinical outcomes among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) related to use of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). METHODS: We evaluated consecutive patients with NVAF with nontraumatic, anticoagulant-related ICH admitted at 13 tertiary stroke care centers over a 12-month period. We also performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of eligible observational studies reporting baseline characteristics and outcomes among patients with VKA- or DOAC-related ICH. RESULTS: We prospectively evaluated 161 patients with anticoagulation-related ICH (mean age 75.6 ± 9.8 years, 57.8% men, median admission NIH Stroke Scale [NIHSSadm] score 13 points, interquartile range 6-21). DOAC-related (n = 47) and VKA-related (n = 114) ICH did not differ in demographics, vascular risk factors, HAS-BLED and CHA2DS2-VASc scores, and antiplatelet pretreatment except for a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease in VKA-related ICH. Patients with DOAC-related ICH had lower median NIHSSadm scores (8 [3-14] vs 15 [7-25] points, p = 0.003), median baseline hematoma volume (12.8 [4-40] vs 24.3 [11-58.8] cm3, p = 0.007), and median ICH score (1 [0-2] vs 2 [1-3] points, p = 0.049). Severe ICH (>2 points) was less prevalent in DOAC-related ICH (17.0% vs 36.8%, p = 0.013). In multivariable analyses, DOAC-related ICH was independently associated with lower baseline hematoma volume (p = 0.006), lower NIHSSadm scores (p = 0.022), and lower likelihood of severe ICH (odds ratio [OR] 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13-0.87, p = 0.025). In meta-analysis of eligible studies, DOAC-related ICH was associated with lower baseline hematoma volumes on admission CT (standardized mean difference = -0.57, 95% CI -1.02 to -0.12, p = 0.010) and lower in-hospital mortality rates (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.21-0.91, p = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: DOAC-related ICH is associated with smaller baseline hematoma volume and lesser neurologic deficit at hospital admission compared to VKA-related ICH.

Key Findings

We prospectively evaluated 161 patients with anticoagulation-related ICH (mean age 75.6 ± 9.8 years, 57.8% men, median admission NIH Stroke Scale [NIHSSadm] score 13 points, interquartile range 6-21). DOAC-related (n = 47) and VKA-related (n = 114) ICH did not differ in demographics, vascular risk factors, HAS-BLED and CHA2DS2-VASc scores, and antiplatelet pretreatment except for a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease in VKA-related ICH. Patients with DOAC-related ICH had lower median NIH

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population intracerebral hemorrhage
Sample Size 47
Age Range mean age 75.6
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aged
  • Anticoagulants
  • Atrial Fibrillation
  • Brain
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Observational Studies as Topic
  • Prospective Studies
  • Stroke
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vitamin K

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Multicenter Study, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: vitamin-k

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09