Herbal Medicine in Children With Respiratory Tract Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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#adolescent #child #child-preschool #echinacea #humans

Herbal Medicine in Children With Respiratory Tract Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Anheyer et al., 2018 | Acad Pediatr | Meta Analysis

Citation

Anheyer Dennis, Cramer Holger, ... Dobos Gustav. Herbal Medicine in Children With Respiratory Tract Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Acad Pediatr. 2018;18(1):8-19. doi:10.1016/j.acap.2017.06.006

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Herbal medicines are particularly regarded as an alternative or complement to conventional pharmaceuticals in the treatment and prevention of respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Therefore, the purpose of this review was to identify evidence for herbal therapy in the treatment of RTIs concerning effectiveness and safety. METHODS: Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched through February 12, 2015. Randomized controlled trials that compared herbal therapy with no treatment, placebo, or any pharmaceutical medication in children and adolescents (age 0 to 18 years) with RTI were eligible. RESULTS: Eleven trials with 2181 participants were included. No clear evidence for Echinacea (4 trials) or an herbal compound preparation (1 trial) in preventing RTI symptoms was found. Meta-analysis revealed evidence for efficacy (responder rates: risk ratio [RR], 2.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54-4.26; P < .01; heterogeneity: I2 = 38%; chi-square = 9.63; P = .14) and safety (patients with adverse events: RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.42-2.66; P = .9; heterogeneity: I2 = 72%; chi-square = 10.64; P = .01) of Pelargonium sidoides in treating RTI symptoms compared with placebo (6 trials). CONCLUSIONS: Because of conflicting evidence in the included studies no concrete conclusion on effects of Echinacea could be drawn so far. In the case of Pelargonium sidoides, meta-analysis revealed moderate evidence for efficacy and safety in the treatment of RTIs in children.

Key Findings

Eleven trials with 2181 participants were included. No clear evidence for Echinacea (4 trials) or an herbal compound preparation (1 trial) in preventing RTI symptoms was found. Meta-analysis revealed evidence for efficacy (responder rates: risk ratio [RR], 2.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54-4.26; P < .01; heterogeneity: I2 = 38%; chi-square = 9.63; P = .14) and safety (patients with adverse events: RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.42-2.66; P = .9; heterogeneity: I2 = 72%; chi-square = 10.64; P = .01) o

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population adverse events
Sample Size 2181
Age Range 0 to 18 years
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Echinacea
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Pelargonium
  • Plant Extracts
  • Plant Preparations
  • Respiratory Tract Infections

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: echinacea

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09