Societal-level Risk Factors Associated with Pediatric Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#child #evidence-based-medicine #global-health #hearing-loss-sensorineural #humans

Societal-level Risk Factors Associated with Pediatric Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review

Vasconcellos et al., 2014 | Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | Systematic Review

Citation

Vasconcellos Adam P, Colello Stephanie, ... Shin Jennifer J. Societal-level Risk Factors Associated with Pediatric Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014-Jul;151(1):29-41. doi:10.1177/0194599814526561

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the current body of evidence describes specific threshold values of concern for modifiable societal-level risk factors for pediatric hearing loss, with the overarching goal of providing actionable guidance for the prevention and screening of audiological deficits in children. DATA SOURCES: Three related systematic reviews were performed. Computerized PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library searches were performed from inception through October 2013 and were supplemented with manual searches. REVIEW METHODS: Inclusion/exclusion criteria were designed to determine specific threshold values of societal-level risk factors on hearing loss in the pediatric population. Searches and data extraction were performed by independent reviewers. RESULTS: There were 20 criterion-meeting studies with 29,128 participants. Infants less than 2 standard deviations below standardized weight, length, or body mass index were at increased risk. Specific nutritional deficiencies related to iodine and thiamine may also increase risk, although data are limited and threshold values of concern have not been quantified. Blood lead levels above 10 µg/dL were significantly associated with pediatric sensorineural loss, and mixed findings were noted for other heavy metals. Hearing loss was also more prevalent among children of socioeconomically disadvantaged families, as measured by a poverty income ratio less than 0.3 to 1, higher deprivation category status, and head of household employment as a manual laborer. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing our understanding of specific thresholds of risk associated with causative factors forms the foundation for preventive and targeted screening programs as well as future research endeavors.

Key Findings

There were 20 criterion-meeting studies with 29,128 participants. Infants less than 2 standard deviations below standardized weight, length, or body mass index were at increased risk. Specific nutritional deficiencies related to iodine and thiamine may also increase risk, although data are limited and threshold values of concern have not been quantified. Blood lead levels above 10 µg/dL were significantly associated with pediatric sensorineural loss, and mixed findings were noted for other heavy

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size 29128
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Child
  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Global Health
  • Hearing Loss, Sensorineural
  • Humans
  • Lead
  • Nutritional Status
  • Poverty
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • United States

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Systematic Review
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: thiamine

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09