Diet, anthropometric measures and prostate cancer risk: a review of prospective cohort and intervention studies

Dagnelie et al., 2004 | BJU Int | Meta Analysis

Citation

Dagnelie P C, Schuurman A G, ... Van den Brandt P A. Diet, anthropometric measures and prostate cancer risk: a review of prospective cohort and intervention studies. BJU Int. 2004-May;93(8):1139-50

Abstract

We reviewed 37 prospective cohort and four intervention studies on potential dietary risk factors for prostate cancer, published between 1966 and September 2003. Some studies were limited by small size, crude measurement of dietary exposure and limited control for confounders. Intervention and prospective cohort studies support a protective role against prostate cancer for selenium, and possibly for vitamin E, pulses and tomatoes/lycopene. Overall consumption of meat, eggs, vegetables, fruit, coffee, tea, carotenoids and vitamins A, C and D was not consistently related to prostate cancer risk. Intervention studies also indicate that supplementation with beta-carotene does not lower prostate cancer risk, except possibly in men with low beta-carotene status at baseline. For specific types of meat, alcoholic drinks, dairy products, fat and anthropometric measures, most cohort studies suggest either an increased risk or no relation with prostate cancer. For calcium, two cohort studies suggest an increased risk at very high calcium intakes (>2000 mg/day). In conclusion, prospective studies are consistent with a protective role for selenium, and possibly vitamin E, pulses and tomatoes/lycopene, in the aetiology of prostate cancer. Studies are inconclusive on the role of meat, dairy products, fat, vegetables, fruits, alcohol and anthropometric measures, whereas a very high calcium intake appears to be positively associated with prostate cancer risk.

Key Findings

Studies are inconclusive on the role of meat, dairy products, fat, vegetables, fruits, alcohol and anthropometric measures, whereas a very high calcium intake appears to be positively associated with prostate cancer risk.

Outcomes Measured

• Requires manual extraction

Population

MeSH Terms

• Anthropometry
• Calcium, Dietary
• Diet
• Humans
• Male
• Prospective Studies
• Prostatic Neoplasms
• Risk Factors
• Selenium

Evidence Classification

• Level: Meta Analysis
• Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Review
• Vertical: vitamin-e

Provenance

• PMID: 15142129
• DOI: (not available)
• PMCID: Not in PMC
• Verified: 2026-04-09 via PubMed E-utilities API

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09