Polyneuropathy, anti-tuberculosis treatment and the role of pyridoxine in the HIV/AIDS era: a systematic review

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#antitubercular-agents #hiv-infections #humans #isoniazid #polyneuropathies

Polyneuropathy, anti-tuberculosis treatment and the role of pyridoxine in the HIV/AIDS era: a systematic review

van et al., 2011 | Int J Tuberc Lung Dis | Systematic Review

Citation

van der Watt J J, Harrison T B, ... Heckmann J M. Polyneuropathy, anti-tuberculosis treatment and the role of pyridoxine in the HIV/AIDS era: a systematic review. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2011-Jun;15(6):722-8. doi:10.5588/ijtld.10.0284

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is increasing in incidence in certain parts of the world, particularly where there is a co-epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and it is associated with a significant degree of morbidity and mortality. One of the most common complications of anti-tuberculosis treatment is the development of a painful isoniazid (INH) associated polyneuropathy (PN), which is preventable with adequate pyridoxine supplementation. As PN is also the most frequent neurological complication associated with HIV infection, subjects who are HIV and TB co-infected may be at increased risk of developing PN. In this review, we explore current knowledge of anti-tuberculosis drug associated PN focusing on INH and its relationship to pyridoxine, as well as the additional impact of antiretroviral treatment and TB-HIV co-infection. It is evident that guidelines established for the prevention and treatment of this problem differ between industrialised and developing countries, and that further research is needed to define the optimum dosing of pyridoxine supplementation in populations where there is a significant burden of TB and HIV.

Key Findings

It is evident that guidelines established for the prevention and treatment of this problem differ between industrialised and developing countries, and that further research is needed to define the optimum dosing of pyridoxine supplementation in populations where there is a significant burden of TB and HIV.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition deficiency

MeSH Terms

  • Antitubercular Agents
  • HIV Infections
  • Humans
  • Isoniazid
  • Polyneuropathies
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Pyridoxine
  • Tuberculosis
  • Vitamin B Complex

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Systematic Review
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: vitamin-b6

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09