Association between vitamin D deficiency and vasovagal syncope: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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#humans #tilt-table-test #syncope-vasovagal #syncope #vitamin-d-deficiency

Association between vitamin D deficiency and vasovagal syncope: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Khalaji et al., 2023 | Clin Cardiol | Meta Analysis

Citation

Khalaji Amirmohammad, Behnoush Amir Hossein, Tajdini Masih. Association between vitamin D deficiency and vasovagal syncope: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Cardiol. 2023-Jul;46(7):721-728. doi:10.1002/clc.24035

Abstract

Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is the most prevalent type of syncope and its management includes pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions. Recently, studies have investigated vitamin D levels in VVS patients. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to review these studies to find possible associations between vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D levels with VVS. International databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase were searched with keywords related to "vasovagal syncope" and "vitamin D." Studies were screened and the data were extracted from them. Random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for vitamin D levels in comparison to VVS patients and controls. Also, VVS occurrence was measured and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated for comparison of vitamin D deficient cases and nondeficient individuals. Six studies were included with 954 cases investigated. Meta-analysis showed that patients with VVS had significantly lower vitamin D serum levels in comparison to non-VVS cases (SMD -1.05, 95% CI -1.54 to -0.57, p-value < .01). Moreover, VVS occurrence was higher in vitamin D-deficient individuals (OR 5.43, 95% CI 2.40 to 12.27, p-value < .01). Our findings which show lower vitamin D levels in VVS patients can have clinical implications in order for clinicians to pay attention to this when approaching VVS. Further randomized controlled trials are certainly warranted to assess the role of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with VVS.

Key Findings

Further randomized controlled trials are certainly warranted to assess the role of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with VVS.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population vvs had significantly lower
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition deficiency

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Tilt-Table Test
  • Syncope, Vasovagal
  • Syncope
  • Vitamin D Deficiency
  • Vitamin D

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review, Journal Article
  • Vertical: vitamin-d

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09