Clinical outcomes of hypertensive patients with COVID-19 receiving calcium channel blockers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#covid-19 #calcium-channel-blockers #humans #hypertension #prospective-studies

Clinical outcomes of hypertensive patients with COVID-19 receiving calcium channel blockers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kow et al., 2022 | Hypertens Res | Meta Analysis

Citation

Kow Chia Siang, Ramachandram Dinesh Sangarran, Hasan Syed Shahzad. Clinical outcomes of hypertensive patients with COVID-19 receiving calcium channel blockers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypertens Res. 2022-Feb;45(2):360-363. doi:10.1038/s41440-021-00786-z

Abstract

We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the overall effect of the preadmission/prediagnosis use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) on the clinical outcomes in hypertensive patients with COVID-19. A systematic literature search with no language restriction was conducted in electronic databases in July 2021 to identify eligible studies. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled summary measure for outcomes of interest with the preadmission/prediagnosis use of CCBs relative to the nonuse of CCBs at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction in the odds of all-cause mortality with the preadmission/prediagnosis use of CCBs relative to the nonuse of CCBs (pooled OR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.49-0.86) and a significant reduction in the odds of severe illness with preadmission/prediagnosis use of CCBs relative to the nonuse of CCBs (pooled OR = 0.61; 95% CI 0.44-0.84), and is associated with adequate evidence to reject the model hypothesis of 'no significant difference' at the current sample size. The potential protective effects offered by CCBs in hypertensive patients with COVID-19 merit large-scale prospective investigations.

Key Findings

The potential protective effects offered by CCBs in hypertensive patients with COVID-19 merit large-scale prospective investigations.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population covid
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • COVID-19
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Humans
  • Hypertension
  • Prospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: calcium

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09