Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium. Part I. Hazard assessment of non-cancer health effects

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#chromium #databases-factual #humans #netherlands #occupational-exposure

Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium. Part I. Hazard assessment of non-cancer health effects

Hessel et al., 2021 | Regul Toxicol Pharmacol | Systematic Review

Citation

Hessel Ellen V S, Staal Yvonne C M, ... Ezendam Janine. Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium. Part I. Hazard assessment of non-cancer health effects. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2021-Nov;126:105048. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105048

Abstract

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compounds have been studied extensively and several agencies have described their toxicological profile. In the past, personnel of the Dutch Ministry of Defence may have been exposed to Cr(VI) during maintenance activities. To investigate if this exposure may have caused irreversible adverse health effects, the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) summarized all available knowledge from previous evaluations. This information was complemented with a scoping review to retrieve new scientific literature. All scientific evidence was evaluated in workshops with external experts to come to an overview of irreversible adverse health effects that could be caused by occupational exposure to Cr(VI) compounds. This review focuses on non-cancer health effects. It was concluded that occupational exposure to Cr(VI) can cause perforation of the nasal septum by chromium ulcers, chronic lung diseases, including asthma, rhinitis, pulmonary fibrosis and COPD, skin ulcers and allergic contact dermatitis in humans. It is currently insufficiently clear if Cr(VI) can cause irreversible diseases due to disturbances of the immune system (other than allergic contact eczema, allergic asthma and rhinitis and chronic lung diseases) or adverse effects on fertility or prenatal development in humans.

Key Findings

It is currently insufficiently clear if Cr(VI) can cause irreversible diseases due to disturbances of the immune system (other than allergic contact eczema, allergic asthma and rhinitis and chronic lung diseases) or adverse effects on fertility or prenatal development in humans.

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population See abstract
Sample Size See abstract
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Chromium
  • Databases, Factual
  • Humans
  • Netherlands
  • Occupational Exposure
  • Occupational Health
  • Risk Assessment

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Systematic Review
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: chromium

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09