Effects of Preoperative Iodine Administration on Thyroidectomy for Hyperthyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

source extracted confidence: high 2026-04-09
#humans #hyperthyroidism #potassium-iodide #premedication #thyroidectomy

Effects of Preoperative Iodine Administration on Thyroidectomy for Hyperthyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Tsai et al., 2019 | Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | Meta Analysis

Citation

Tsai Chung-Hsin, Yang Po-Sheng, ... Cheng Shih-Ping. Effects of Preoperative Iodine Administration on Thyroidectomy for Hyperthyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019-Jun;160(6):993-1002. doi:10.1177/0194599819829052

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The current guidelines recommend that potassium iodide be given in the immediate preoperative period for patients with Graves' disease who are undergoing thyroidectomy. Nonetheless, the evidence behind this recommendation is tenuous. The purpose of this study is to clarify the benefits of preoperative iodine administration from published comparative studies. DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL from 1980 to June 2018. REVIEW METHODS: Studies were included that compared preoperative iodine administration and no premedication before thyroidectomy. For the meta-analysis, studies were pooled with the random-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 510 patients were divided into the iodine (n = 223) and control (n = 287) groups from 9 selected studies. Preoperative iodine administration was significantly associated with decreased thyroid vascularity and intraoperative blood loss. Significant heterogeneity was present among studies. We found no significant difference in thyroid volume or operative time. Furthermore, the meta-analysis showed no difference in the risk of postoperative complications, including vocal cord palsy, hypoparathyroidism/hypocalcemia, and hemorrhage or hematoma after thyroidectomy. CONCLUSION: Preoperative iodine administration decreases thyroid vascularity and intraoperative blood loss. Nonetheless, it does not translate to more clinically meaningful differences in terms of operative time and postoperative complications.

Key Findings

A total of 510 patients were divided into the iodine (n = 223) and control (n = 287) groups from 9 selected studies. Preoperative iodine administration was significantly associated with decreased thyroid vascularity and intraoperative blood loss. Significant heterogeneity was present among studies. We found no significant difference in thyroid volume or operative time. Furthermore, the meta-analysis showed no difference in the risk of postoperative complications, including vocal cord palsy, hypo

Outcomes Measured

  • Requires manual extraction

Population

Field Value
Population graves
Sample Size 223
Age Range See abstract
Condition See abstract

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Potassium Iodide
  • Premedication
  • Thyroidectomy

Evidence Classification

  • Level: Meta Analysis
  • Publication Types: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Systematic Review
  • Vertical: iodine

Provenance

Source extracted via PubMed E-utilities API on 2026-04-09